Organic Comfrey Leaf (Symphytum officinale)

Herbs are Sold By the Ounce, Price is Per Ounce

Comfrey Leaf (Symphytum officinale)

Botanical Information

• Family: Boraginaceae (Borage Family)
• Common Names: Knitbone, Boneset, Bruisewort
• Origin: Native to Europe and parts of Asia

Description and Habitat

Comfrey is a perennial herb that thrives in temperate climates. It prefers moist, fertile soils and is commonly found in grasslands, along riverbanks, and in garden settings. The plant features large, hairy leaves and clusters of bell-shaped flowers, which can be purple, blue, or white. Comfrey can grow up to 3 feet tall, with roots that can reach deep into the soil.

Parts Used

• Leaves
• Root (also commonly used, but for different purposes)

Historical and Folklore Use

Comfrey has a long history of use, particularly for its ability to support wound healing and bone repair, earning it the nickname "Knitbone." It was traditionally used in poultices and salves for bruises, sprains, and fractures. Folklore also suggested comfrey for easing inflammation and as a soothing agent for various skin conditions.

Medicinal Uses and Actions

• Medicinal Actions: Vulnerary (wound healing), anti-inflammatory, demulcent, astringent, emollient
• System Affinities: Musculoskeletal, skin, respiratory

Active Compounds

• Allantoin: Promotes cell regeneration, making it key to comfrey’s use in healing wounds and soothing skin irritations.
• Mucilage: Provides a soothing, protective layer, especially beneficial in treating inflamed tissues.
• Tannins: Astringent properties help tighten and protect tissues.
• Rosmarinic Acid: Anti-inflammatory properties contribute to comfrey's effectiveness in treating pain and swelling.

Cautions and Safety

• Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids (PAs): Comfrey contains these compounds, which can be hepatotoxic (toxic to the liver) when ingested in large quantities or over prolonged periods. For this reason, internal use of comfrey is often discouraged or recommended only under professional guidance, especially in modern times.
• Topical Use: Generally considered safe when used on unbroken skin and for short durations. Avoid applying to deep wounds or where the skin is broken, as it can encourage rapid tissue growth that may trap infection.

Research and Studies

• Wound Healing: Several studies have highlighted comfrey’s effectiveness in promoting wound healing and reducing inflammation. One study found that topical comfrey cream significantly improved the healing of ankle sprains .
• Anti-inflammatory Properties: Research indicates that comfrey extracts can reduce pain and inflammation in conditions like osteoarthritis .
• Cell Regeneration: Studies demonstrate the role of allantoin in comfrey, which supports cell regeneration and healing, reinforcing its traditional use .

Growing and Harvesting

Comfrey is hardy in USDA zones 4-9. It’s a vigorous grower and can become invasive if not managed properly. Comfrey prefers full sun to partial shade and requires a moist, fertile soil. Harvest leaves before the plant flowers, as the concentration of beneficial compounds is higher.