Organic Basil Leaf (Ocimum basilicum)

Herbs are Sold By the Ounce, Price is Per Ounce

Basil Leaf (Ocimum basilicum)

Botanical Information:

• Common Names: Sweet Basil, Thai Basil, Holy Basil (a different species, Ocimum tenuiflorum), Genovese Basil.
• Family: Lamiaceae (Mint family)
• Origin: Native to tropical regions from central Africa to Southeast Asia, widely cultivated worldwide.
• Parts Used: Leaves, seeds, and essential oil.

Habitat and Cultivation:

Basil thrives in warm, sunny environments with well-drained soil. It can be grown indoors or outdoors, preferably in USDA zones 10-11. Basil prefers full sun exposure and needs regular watering but should not be overwatered. It’s sensitive to cold, so it should be planted after the last frost in temperate regions.

Historical and Folklore Context:

Basil has a rich history in various cultures. In ancient Greece, it was associated with mourning, while in Italy, it symbolized love. In Hindu traditions, Ocimum tenuiflorum (Holy Basil or Tulsi) is considered sacred. Basil was often used in protective spells and for purification rituals.

Medicinal Actions and Constituents:

• Active Compounds: Eugenol, linalool, methyl chavicol, and rosmarinic acid.
• Medicinal Actions:
  • Antimicrobial: Basil has been shown to possess antibacterial, antiviral, and antifungal properties.
  • Anti-inflammatory: The eugenol content in basil is effective in reducing inflammation.
  • Antioxidant: Basil’s rich antioxidant content helps protect the body from oxidative stress.
  • Digestive Aid: Basil is traditionally used to alleviate indigestion and bloating.
  • Adaptogenic (Holy Basil/Tulsi): Supports the body's response to stress, though this is more associated with Ocimum tenuiflorum.

Uses:

• Culinary: Widely used as a fresh herb in various dishes, especially in Italian, Thai, and Mediterranean cuisines. It adds flavor to sauces, salads, and soups.
• Medicinal: Basil tea can be used to soothe digestive issues. Basil essential oil is used in aromatherapy for stress relief and in topical applications for its antimicrobial properties.
• Metaphysical: Basil is believed to bring prosperity and protection, often used in spells and rituals.

Cautions:

• Medication Interactions: Basil may interact with blood-thinning medications due to its potential effects on blood clotting.
• Pregnancy: High doses of basil essential oil should be avoided during pregnancy.
• Blood Sugar Levels: Basil may lower blood sugar levels, so caution is advised if you are on diabetes medication.

Scientific Studies:

1. Antioxidant Properties: A study highlighted the significant antioxidant effects of basil due to its high phenolic content.
2. Anti-inflammatory Effects: Research indicates that basil's eugenol component is effective in reducing inflammation. 
3. Antimicrobial Activity: Studies have demonstrated basil's potential in combating bacterial and fungal infections.